Small fixes
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@ -778,7 +778,9 @@ n! & = & n \cdot (n-1)! \\
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\index{Fibonacci number}
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The \key{Fibonacci numbers}\footnote{Fibonacci (c. 1175--1250) was an Italian mathematician.} arise in many situations.
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The \key{Fibonacci numbers}
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%\footnote{Fibonacci (c. 1175--1250) was an Italian mathematician.}
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arise in many situations.
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They can be defined recursively as follows:
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\[
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\begin{array}{lcl}
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@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ no polynomial algorithm is known, i.e.,
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nobody knows how to solve them efficiently.
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\key{NP-hard} problems are an important set
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of problems for which no polynomial algorithm
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is known\footnote{A classic book on this topic is
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is known\footnote{A classic book on the topic is
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M. R. Garey's and D. S. Johnson's
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\emph{Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory
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of NP-Completeness} \cite{gar79}.}.
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@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ time and even in $O(n)$ time.
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Given an array of $n$ integers $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$,
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our task is to find the
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\key{maximum subarray sum}\footnote{J. Bentley's
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book \emph{Programming Pearls} \cite{ben86} made this problem popular.}, i.e.,
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book \emph{Programming Pearls} \cite{ben86} made the problem popular.}, i.e.,
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the largest possible sum of numbers
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in a contiguous region in the array.
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The problem is interesting when there may be
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@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ After this change, the time complexity is $O(n^2)$.
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\subsubsection{Algorithm 3}
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Surprisingly, it is possible to solve the problem
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in $O(n)$ time\footnote{In \cite{ben86}, this linear algorithm
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in $O(n)$ time\footnote{In \cite{ben86}, this linear-time algorithm
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is attributed to J. B. Kadene, and the algorithm is sometimes
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called \index{Kadene's algorithm} \key{Kadene's algorithm}.}, which means that we can remove
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one more loop.
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@ -984,9 +984,10 @@ $2^m$ distinct rows and the time complexity is
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$O(n 2^{2m})$.
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As a final note, there is also a surprising direct formula
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for calculating the number of tilings\footnote{Surprisingly,
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this formula was discovered independently
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by \cite{kas61} and \cite{tem61} in 1961.}:
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for calculating the number of tilings:
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% \footnote{Surprisingly,
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% this formula was discovered independently
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% by \cite{kas61} and \cite{tem61} in 1961.}:
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\[ \prod_{a=1}^{\lceil n/2 \rceil} \prod_{b=1}^{\lceil m/2 \rceil} 4 \cdot (\cos^2 \frac{\pi a}{n + 1} + \cos^2 \frac{\pi b}{m+1})\]
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This formula is very efficient, because it calculates
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the number of tilings in $O(nm)$ time,
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16
list.tex
16
list.tex
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@ -198,10 +198,10 @@
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Efficient randomized pattern-matching algorithms.
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\emph{IBM Journal of Research and Development}, 31(2):249--260, 1987.
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\bibitem{kas61}
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P. W. Kasteleyn.
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The statistics of dimers on a lattice: I. The number of dimer arrangements on a quadratic lattice.
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\emph{Physica}, 27(12):1209--1225, 1961.
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% \bibitem{kas61}
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% P. W. Kasteleyn.
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% The statistics of dimers on a lattice: I. The number of dimer arrangements on a quadratic lattice.
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% \emph{Physica}, 27(12):1209--1225, 1961.
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\bibitem{knu982}
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D. E. Knuth.
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@ -296,10 +296,10 @@
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Finding biconnected componemts and computing tree functions in logarithmic parallel time.
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\emph{25th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science}, 12--20, 1984.
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\bibitem{tem61}
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H. N. V. Temperley and M. E. Fisher.
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Dimer problem in statistical mechanics -- an exact result.
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\emph{Philosophical Magazine}, 6(68):1061--1063, 1961.
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% \bibitem{tem61}
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% H. N. V. Temperley and M. E. Fisher.
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% Dimer problem in statistical mechanics -- an exact result.
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% \emph{Philosophical Magazine}, 6(68):1061--1063, 1961.
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\bibitem{war23}
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H. C. von Warnsdorf.
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