{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e3aca7ad",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Introduction to C++\n",
    "\n",
    "Swiss Olympiad in Informatics 2023\n",
    "\n",
    "(Source of text: Luc Haller, SOI Frauenworkshop 2018)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4e8afaf1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Variables"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c9c2fa05",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Variables have a type, a name and a value, which can be modified.\n",
    "\n",
    "`<type> <name> = <value>;` (don't forget the `;`)\n",
    "\n",
    "Example: declaring a variable of *type int* with *name n* and setting its *value to 0*:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "9b816d4b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int n = 0;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1f85ac70",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Some important types:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "db5210e9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "int i = 42;                        // can store between -2^31 to 2^31-1 (roughly +-2 * 10^9)\n",
    "long long ll = 12345678987654321;  // can store between -2^63 to 2^63-1 (roughly +-9 * 10^18)\n",
    "double d = 3.1415;                 // decimal values\n",
    "char c = 'x';                      // one letter or special sign\n",
    "char s = '?';\n",
    "bool b = true;                     // either true or false\n",
    "bool b2 = false;"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "557fe958",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Arithemtic"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "c4e569d8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "13"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "int x = 4;\n",
    "int y = 9;\n",
    "int z = x + y;\n",
    "z"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "c50fef16",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "36"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "z = x * y;\n",
    "z"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "8f1bc6c7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "z = y % z;\n",
    "z"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "93600793",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## If ... else"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "ff485b1e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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   "display_name": "C++17",
   "language": "C++17",
   "name": "xcpp17"
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   "codemirror_mode": "text/x-c++src",
   "file_extension": ".cpp",
   "mimetype": "text/x-c++src",
   "name": "c++",
   "version": "17"
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